大仲馬(Alexandre Dumas,1802-1870),他是19世紀最受歡迎與最多產的法國作家之一,30歲時便以劇本創作而聲名大噪,開啟了法國 浪漫主義戲劇的序幕,與雨果一同被譽為戲劇界的雙傑。大仲馬對莎士比亞、席勒、瓦特、史考脫很崇拜,最初以寫劇本起家。第一齣劇本《亨利三世與其宮廷》敲響浪漫主義劇場的第一饗勝利之鐘,令他在文學界嶄露頭角。後來他開始寫小說,在1843年起陸續發表通俗小說,1844年的《基度山恩仇記》使得他家喻戶曉,從此聲名不墜。他最著名的還有《三劍客》三部曲、《瓦洛朝》三部曲(即《瑪歌王后》系列)、《大革命前後》四部曲(即《大野心家》系列)。幾乎已被譯成世界各種語言而廣為流傳,備受歡迎。他一生創作量驚人,著有 150 多部小說,90多個劇本,文集 250卷,尤以歷史小說最受歡迎。他的小說情節緊湊、人物鮮明生動、極富戲劇性,因而風靡全世界的 讀者,魅力歷久不衰。(資料來源:網路;圖片來源: "Alexandre Dumas." Literature Resource Center. Detroit: Gale, 2015. Literature Resource Center.)
利用Cengage Learning: Literature Resource Center (LRC) (http://gdc.gale.com/gale-literature-collections/literature-resource-center/)可以檢索到與大仲馬傳記、生平、著作評論及相關資料。
以他響負盛名的《三劍客Three Musketeers》著作來看,故事以十七世紀路易十三王朝為背景。由亞拉米斯(Armis) 、亞多士(Athos)和波爾多士(Porthos)。達太安是貫穿全場的主角,搭配正義機智的三劍客對付邪惡的主教。在資料庫中有針對此著作的精闢的解說資料以及聲音檔(可線上聆聽或下載mp3),像是Overview: The Three Musketeers.(Authors Digest: The World's Great Stories in Brief. Ed. Rossiter Johnson. Vol. 7. New York: The Authors Press, 1908. )、Overview: The Three Musketeers.(Characters in 19th-Century Literature. Ed. Kelly King Howes. Detroit: Gale, 1993. )、Three Musketeers, The. (Merriam Webster's Encyclopedia of Literature. Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster, 1995. ) Overview: The Three Musketeers. (Literature and Its Times: Profiles of 300 Notable Literary Works and the Historical Events that Influenced Them. Joyce Moss and George Wilson. Vol. 1:Ancient Times to the American and French Revolutions (Prehistory-1790s). Detroit: Gale, 1997. )、The Three Musketeers: Overview. (Donald Adamson.Reference Guide to World Literature. Ed. Lesley Henderson. 2nd ed. New York: St. James Press, 1995. )
這個故事當中充滿鬥智鬥力、爾虞我詐的情節,讀起來令人大呼過癮,忍不住一 頁頁往下讀。尤其是主教想藉著鑽石胸針來破壞國王和王后感情的情節,更是高潮迭起。達太安和三劍客之間義氣相投、惺惺相惜的情誼,更能令讀者體會友情的真諦。書中敘述達太安和三位劍客認識之後,彼此互相幫助,變成了好朋友。他們四個好朋友的結盟誓言就是「人人為我,我為人人(All for one and one for all)」。2002 年法國 人紀念作家大仲馬的時候,就把這句名言繡在他蓋棺的絨布上。
資料庫中也有對大仲馬作品的文學評論(列舉如後)。從中我們可以了解大仲馬不但寫小說,寫劇本,寫遊記,還辦報紙。他的小說大多以真實的歷史作背景,情節曲折生動,往往出人意料,有歷史驚險小說之稱。結構清晰明朗,語言生動有力,對話靈活機智等構成了大仲馬小說的特色。難怪他自己有句名言:「什麼是歷史?就是給我掛小說的釘子啊。」。而雨果(Victor, Marie Hugo)則說:「……你宛如伏爾泰再世。在這受盡恥辱噤若寒蟬的法蘭西,你是我們最大的安慰。」大仲馬一生精力過人,作品源源不斷,一直到死前幾個月都還在寫作,他的作品就像他的人,豐富、慷慨、豪邁,充滿了驚奇和趣味。
■ Dumas, Alexandre: The Three Musketeers (Classic Collection). (Doris Telford.School Librarian. 62.4 (Winter 2014) p229. )
■ Selected Websites on Alexandre Dumas's Life and Works.(Gale Online Encyclopedia. Detroit: Gale. )
■ Excerpt from 'Alexandre Dumas,'.( Margaret Oliphant.Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine 114.693 (July 1873): p111-30.Rpt. in Literature Resource Center. Detroit: Gale. )
■ Alexandre Dumas. (Brander Matthews.French Dramatists of the 19th Century. third ed. Charles Scribner's Sons, 1901. p46-47.Rpt. in Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism. Ed. Laurie Lanzen Harris and Jay Parini. Vol. 11. Detroit: Gale, 1986)
■ Alexandre Dumas. (Margaret Oliphant.Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine 114.693 (July 1873): p111-130.Rpt. in Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism. Ed. Laurie Lanzen Harris and Jay Parini. Vol. 11. Detroit: Gale, 1986.)
■ Alexandre Dumas: Overview. (Barnett Shaw.Reference Guide to World Literature. Ed. Lesley Henderson. 2nd ed. New York: St. James Press, 1995.)
■ Selected Websites on Alexandre Dumas's Life and Works.(Gale Online Encyclopedia. Detroit: Gale. )
■ Excerpt from 'Alexandre Dumas,'.( Margaret Oliphant.Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine 114.693 (July 1873): p111-30.Rpt. in Literature Resource Center. Detroit: Gale. )
■ Alexandre Dumas. (Brander Matthews.French Dramatists of the 19th Century. third ed. Charles Scribner's Sons, 1901. p46-47.Rpt. in Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism. Ed. Laurie Lanzen Harris and Jay Parini. Vol. 11. Detroit: Gale, 1986)
■ Alexandre Dumas. (Margaret Oliphant.Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine 114.693 (July 1873): p111-130.Rpt. in Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism. Ed. Laurie Lanzen Harris and Jay Parini. Vol. 11. Detroit: Gale, 1986.)
■ Alexandre Dumas: Overview. (Barnett Shaw.Reference Guide to World Literature. Ed. Lesley Henderson. 2nd ed. New York: St. James Press, 1995.)
資料庫:Cengage Learning: Literature Resource Center (LRC)
Cengage Learning : http://www.cengage.tw/index.php
LRC : http://gdc.gale.com/gale-literature-collections/literature-resource-center/
Cengage Learning : http://www.cengage.tw/index.php
LRC : http://gdc.gale.com/gale-literature-collections/literature-resource-center/
留言
張貼留言